Contiene: índice analítico, preguntas y respuestas

Structure and function of the external eye and cornea. Highlights. Eyelids. Lacrimal functional unit. Tear film. Conjunctiva. Cornea. Cornea epithelium. Bowman layer. Corneal stroma. Descemet membrane. Corneal endothelium. Limbus. Defense mechanisms of the external eye and cornea. Examination techniques for the external eye and cornea. Highlights. Direct visualization. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Scanning. Ultrasound biomicroscopy. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Specular microscopy. Confocal microscopy. Evaluation of corneal curvature. Zones of the cornea. Shape, curvature, and power. Keratometry. Keratoscopy and placido disk-based topography. Topography. Clinical evaluation of the ocular surface. Ocular surface staining. Evaluation of tear production. Tear film quantitative tests. Tear film qualitative tests. Pachymetry. Corneal esthesiometry. Handheld esthesiometer. Measurement of corneal biomechanics. Clinical approach to ocular surface disease. Highlights. Common clinical findings in ocular surface disease. Conjunctival signs. Corneal signs. Clinical approach to dry eye. Mechanisms of dry eye. Aqueous tear deficiency. Evaporative dry eye. treatment of dry eye. Eyelid diseases associated with ocular surface disease. Rosacea. Seborrheic blepharitis. Staphylococcal blepharitis. Hordeola and chalazia. Structural and exogenous conditions associated with ocular surface disorders. Highlights. Exposure keratopathy. Neurotrophic keratopathy and persistent corneal epithelial defects. Floppy eyelid syndrome. Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis. Conjunctivochalasis. Recurrent corneal erosion. Trichiasis and distichiasis. Factitious ocular surface disorders. Mucus-fishing syndrome. Topical anesthetic abuse. Toxic reactions to topical ophthalmic medications. Dellen. Limbal stem cell deficiency. Congenital anomalies of the cornea and sclera. Highlights. Developmental anomalies of the anterior segment. Anomalies of size and shape of the cornea. Anomalies of corneal and associated anterior segment structures. Congenital corneal opacities in hereditary syndromes and corneal dystrophies. Secondary abnormalities affecting the fetal cornea. Intrauterine keratitis: bacterial and syphilitic. Congenital corneal keloid. Congenital corneal anesthesia. Congenital glaucoma. Birth trauma. Clinical approach to depositions and degenerations of the conjunctiva, cornea, and sclera. Highlights. Degenerations of the conjunctiva. Age-related changes. Pinguecula. Pterygium. Conjunctival concretions. Conjunctival epithelial inclusion cysts. Conjunctivochalasis. Conjunctival vascular tortuosity and hyperemia. Degenerations of the cornea. Age-related changes. Epithelial and subepithelial degenerations. Stromal degenerations. Endothelial degenerations. Degenerations of the sclera. Drug-induced deposition and pigmentation. Corneal epithelial deposits. Stromal and descemet membrane pigmentation. Endothelial manifestations. Corneal dystrophies and ectasias. Highlights. Corneal dystrophies. General considerations. Epithelial and subepithelial dystrophies. Epithelial-stromal TGFBI dystrophies. Stromal dystrophies. Endothelial dystrophies. Ectatic disorders. Keratoconus. Pellucid marginal degeneration. Keratoglobus. Systemic disorders with corneal and other anterior segment manifestations. Highlights. Introduction. Inherited metabolic diseases. Lysosomal storage diseases. Disorders of lipoprotein metabolism. Disorders of amino acid, nucleic acid, protein, and mineral metabolism. Skeletal and connective tissue disorders. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Marfan syndrome. Osteogenesis imperfecta. Goldenhar-Gorlin syndrome. Nutritional disorder: vitamin A deficiency. Hematologic disorders. Endocrine diseases. Diabetes mellitus. Multiple endocrine neoplasia. Parathyroid disease. Dermatologic diseases. Ichthyosis. Ectodermal dysplasia. Xeroderma pigmentosum. Infectious diseases of the external eye: basic concepts and viral infections. Highlights. Normal ocular flora. Pathogenesis of ocular infections. Ocular microbiology. Diagnostic laboratory techniques. Virology and viral infections. DNA viruses: herpesviruses. Herpes simplex eye diseases. Varicella-Zoster virus dermatoblepharitis, conjunctivitis, and keratitis. Epstein-Barr virus dacryoadenitis, conjunctivitis, and keratitis. Cytomegalovirus keratitis and anterior uveitis. DNA viruses: adenoviruses. DNA viruses: poxviruses. Molluscum contagiosum. Vaccinia. DNA viruses: papovaviruses. RNA viruses. Infectious diseases of the external eye: microbial and parasitic infections. Highlights. Bacteriology. Gram-positive cocci. Gram-negative cocci. Gram-positive rods. Gram-negative rods. Gram-positive filaments. Chlamydia species. Borrelia burgdorferi. Mycology. Yeasts. Molds. Parasitology. Protozoa. Helminths. Arthropods. Prions. Microbial and parasitic infections of the eyelid margin and conjunctiva. Staphylococcal blepharitis. Fungal and parasitic infections of the eyelid margin. Bacterial conjunctivitis in children and adults. Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome. Microbial and parasitic infections of the cornea and sclera. Primary infectious keratitis. Corneal stromal inflammation associated with systemic infections. Loiasis. Microbial scleritis. Diagnosis and management of immune-related disorders of the external eye. Highlights. Immune-mediated diseases of the eyelid. Contact dermatoblepharitis. Atopic dermatitis. Immune-mediated disorders of the conjunctiva. Hay fever conjunctivitis and perennial allergic conjunctivitis. Vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Atopic keratoconjunctivitis. Ligneous conjunctivitis. Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis overlap, and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Mucous membrane pemphigoid. Ocular graft-vs-host disease. Conjunctivitis/episcleritis associated with reactive arthritis. Other immune-mediated diseases of the skin and mucous membranes. Immune-mediated diseases of the cornea. Thygeson superficial punctate keratitis. Interstitial keratitis associated with infectious diseases. Cogan syndrome. Marginal corneal infiltrates. Peripheral ulcerative keratitis associated with systemic immune-mediated diseases. Mooren ulcer. Corneal transplant rejection. Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in the cornea. Immune-mediated diseases of the episclera and sclera. Episcleritis. Scleritis. Clinical approach to neoplastic disorders of the conjunctiva and cornea. Highlights. Introduction. Approach to the patient with a neoplastic ocular surface lesion. Management of patients with ocular surface tumors. Surgical treatment. Topical chemotherapy. Tumors of epithelial origin. Benign epithelial tumors. Ocular surface squamous neoplasia. Glandular tumors of the conjunctiva. Oncocytoma. Sebaceous gland carcinoma. Tumors of neuroectodermal origin. Benign pigmented lesions. Preinvasive pigmented lesions. Malignant pigmented lesions. Neurogenic and smooth-muscle tumors. Vascular and mesenchymal tumors. Benign tumors. Malignant tumors. Lymphatic and lymphocytic tumors. Lymphatic malformations: lymphangiectasia and lymphangioma. Lymphoid hyperplasia. Lymphoma. Metastatic tumors. Therapeutic interventions for ocular surface disorders. Highlights. Introduction. Conjunctival interventions for ocular surface disorders. Pterygium excision. Autologous conjunctival transplantation. Conjunctival flap for corneal disease. Conjunctival biopsy. Treatment of conjunctivochalasis. Limbal stem cell transplantation. Mucous membrane grafting. Corneal interventions for ocular surface disorders. Superficial keratectomy and corneal biopsy. Management of persistent corneal epithelial defects, thinning, and perforation. Tattoo for corneal scars. Tarsorrhaphy. Clinical aspects of toxic and traumatic injuries of the anterior segment. Highlights. Chemical injuries. Alkali burns. Acid burns. Management of chemical injuries. Injuries caused by temperature and radiation. Thermal burns. Ultraviolet radiation. Ionizing radiation. Injuries caused by animal and plant substances. Insect and arachnid injuries. Vegetative injuries. Concussive (blunt) trauma. Subconjunctival hemorrhage. Corneal changes from blunt trauma. Traumatic mydriasis and miosis. Traumatic anterior uveitis. Iridodialysis and cyclodialysis. Traumatic hyphema. Penetrating and perforating ocular trauma. Conjunctival laceration. Conjunctival foreign body. Corneal abrasion. Corneal foreign body. Evaluation and management of perforating ocular trauma. Evaluation. Nonsurgical management. Surgical management. Clinical approach to corneal transplantation. Highlights. Corneal transplantation. Keratoplasty and eye banking. Milestones in the history of keratoplasty and eye banks. Modern eye banking and donor selection. Tissue processing and preservation. Transplantation for the treatment of corneal disease. Preoperative evaluation and preparation of the transplant patient. Penetrating keratoplasty. Intraoperative complications. Postoperative care and complications. Control of postoperative corneal astigmatism and refractive error. Lamellar keratoplasty. Anterior lamellar keratoplasty. Complications. Endothelial keratoplasty. Advantages. Disadvantages. Intraoperative complications. postoperative care and complications. Novel methods for treatment of endothelial dysfunction. Pediatric corneal transplantation. Corneal autograft procedures. Keratoprosthesis.